Ultrasound provides a unique diagnostic perspective in cerebrovascular disorders, with extremely high temporal resolution and excellent spatial display of extracranial arteries, brain structures and cerebral vessels. This comprehensive text covers the fundamentals of ultrasound physics, new technology, and clinical applications in all ages. It provides a firm grounding in hemodynamics and describes computational models for study of the cerebral circulation. Extracranial applications in assessing the carotid and vertebral arteries are discussed in detail, as are intracranial Doppler applications in stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, interventional and surgical procedures, and the detection and monitoring of cerebral microembolism. These and other topics, both clinical and technical, are presented by leading authorities in the field, with extensive illustrations, and tables are included for the standardized classification of cerebrovascular diseases based on international consensus conferences. For clinicians and clinical neuroscientists this is the definitive reference text in cerebrovascular ultrasound.

Contents
Preface; Part I. Ultrasound Physics, Technology and Hemodynamics: 1. Introduction to Doppler ultrasound John P. Woodcock; 2. Doppler technology Léandre Pourcelot, Alain Herment, Fabrice Gens, Frédéric Patat, Francois Tranquart and Jean-Pierre Remenieras; 3. Principles and models of hemodynamics Dieter Liepsch; 4. Computational principles and models of hemodynamics Karl Perktold and Gerhard Karner; 5. Flow patterns and arterial wall dynamics Arnold P. G. Hoeks and Robert S. Reneman; 6. Duplex and color flow imaging Peter N. T. Well; 7. Misconceptions and artifacts in ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries Jean F. Primozich and Kirk W. Beach; Part II. Clinical Cerebrovascular Ultrasound: Section (i). Atherosclerosis: pathogenesis, early assessment and follow-up with ultrasound; 8. Morphogenesis of the atherosclerotic plaque Seymoud Glagov, Hisham S. Bassiouny, Christopher K. Zarins and Agris Slesers; 9. Hemodynamics and atherosclerosis Harris L. Bergman, Naomi C. Chesler, David N. Ku and David M. Wootton; 10. Carotid artery intima-media thickness Pierre-Jean Touboul and Stephen P. Meairs; 11. Non-invasive evaluation of endothelial function with B-mode ultrasound imaging of flow-induced brachial artery reactivity Rong Tang, Mario De Michele and M. Gene Bond; 12. Plaque characterization and risk profiles Michael M. Sabetai, Andrew N. Nicolaides, Thomas J. Tegos, Surinder Dhanjil and Gary J. Pare; 13. Natural history of moderate carotid stenosis in asymptomatic patients: a 10-year follow-up D. E. Strandness Jr; Section (ii). Extracranial cerebrovascular applications; 14. Carotid and vertebral arteries Wolfgang Steinke; 15. Quantitation and grading of carotid artery stenosis Andrei V. Alexandrov and John W. Norris; 16. Carotid artery pseudo-occlusion E. Bernd Ringelstein; 17. Standardization of carotid stenosis investigation J. M. de Bray, J. M. Baud, M. Dauzat and J. C. Manelfe; Section (iii) Intracranial cerebrovascular applications 18. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage Alain Barth and Rolf W. Seiler; 19. Intracranial cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion Rolf W. Baumgartner and Heinrich P. Mattle; 20. Arteriovenous malformations J. P. Mohr; 21. High intensity transient signals Werner H. Mess and Michael G. Hennerici; 22. Transcranial Doppler monitoring during carotid endarterectomy A. Ross Naylor; 23. Cerebral vasoreactivity Bernhard Widder; 24. Intracranial venous diseases: the role of ultrasound Michael G. Hennerici and Michael Daffertshofer; Part III. New and Future Developments; 25. Functional Doppler testing Michael Daffertshofer; 26. Multigate emboli detection David H. Evans; 27. Three- and four-dimensional cerebrovascular ultrasonography Stephen P. Meairs; 28. Principles and applications of cerebrovascular ultrasound contrast imaging Peter P. Chang and Stephen P. Meairs; 29. Ultrasonic thrombolysis Charles W. Francis and Stephan Behrens; Index.