This book presents the state of the art of type 2 diabetes genetics, from the process of genetic discovery to its interpretation and clinical application, and illustrates a model for other complex human phenotypes.The first section explores genome-wide association studies, the extension of this method to less accessible phenotypes and the arrival of next-generation sequencing. A further section goes beyond genetics to illustrate how other data sources can help interpret genetic data, such as leveraging population diversity, the correlation of genetic associations with physiological measurements, gene expression modulation, environmental factors and our microbial commensals. The third section describes advances in elucidating the complex path from association to function using in-depth sequencing and functional studies of the cellular and molecular effects of genes in the loci identified by genetics. The final section links our current understanding with clinically relevant questions, such as prediction, interactions with drugs or nutrients, and disease prevention, and paints a realistic but hopeful vision of the future.

Table of contents (27 chapters)
Historical Overview of Gene Discovery Methodologies in Type 2 Diabetes
Bonnefond, Amélie (et al.)
Pages 3-12
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Type 2 Diabetes
Sladek, Rob (et al.)
Pages 13-61
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Quantitative Glycaemic Traits
Barroso, Inês (et al.)
Pages 63-89
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Adiposity
Ingelsson, Erik (et al.)
Pages 91-109
Sequencing Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes
Kleinberger, Jeffrey W. (et al.)
Pages 111-126
Fine-Mapping of Type 2 Diabetes Loci
Scott, Laura J. (et al.)
Pages 127-151
Genetics of Diabetic Micro- and Macrovascular Complications
Sandholm, Niina (et al.)
Pages 153-180
Transferability Across Ethnic Groups
Saxena, Richa (et al.)
Pages 183-206
Physiology Insights
Watanabe, Richard M. (et al.)
Pages 207-221
Insights from Monogenic Diabetes
Nj lstad, Tormund Salvesen (et al.)
Pages 223-240
Epigenetics in Type 2 Diabetes
Ling, Charlotte (et al.)
Pages 241-258
Gene-Environment Interaction: Methods and Examples in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Manning, Alisa K.
Pages 259-273
The Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes
Nielsen, Trine (et al.)
Pages 275-293
Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2)
Grant, Struan F. A. (et al.)
Pages 297-316
GCKR: How Genetic Variation Across the Allelic Spectrum Influences Protein Function and Metabolic Traits in Humans
Orho-Melander, Marju (et al.)
Pages 317-336
Genetic and Functional Studies Implicate G6PC2 in the Regulation of Fasting Blood Glucose
Bouatia-Naji, Nabila (et al.)
Pages 337-362
From Association to Function: KCNJ11 and ABCC8
Weedon, Michael N. (et al.)
Pages 363-377
SLC30A8: A Complex Road from Association to Function
Flannick, Jason (et al.)
Pages 379-401
From Association to Function: MTNR1B
Bonnefond, Amélie (et al.)
Pages 403-421
Type 2 Diabetes Prediction
Wang, Shuai (et al.)
Pages 425-440
The Value of Genetic Variation in the Prediction of Obesity
Loos, Ruth J. F. (et al.)
Pages 441-462
Pharmacogenetics of Metformin
Yee, Sook Wah (et al.)
Pages 463-481
Pharmacogenetics of Sulfonylureas
Kovacs, Peter (et al.)
Pages 483-497
Causal Inference in Medicine via Mendelian Randomization
Frayling, Timothy M. (et al.)
Pages 499-520
Diabetes Prevention
Hivert, Marie-France (et al.)
Pages 521-537
Nutrigenetics of Type 2 Diabetes
Qi, Lu (et al.)
Pages 539-560
Epilogue: What the Future Holds: Genomic Medicine at the Heart of Diabetes Management