Based on one of the leading encyclopedic resources in cell and molecular biology worldwide, this two-volume work contains more than 75% new content, not previously published in the Encyclopedia. All the other chapters have been carefully updated.
The result is a comprehensive overview of the different functions of the various forms of RNA in living organisms, with each contributor carefully selected and an internationally recognized expert on his or her field. Special focus is on the different forms of expression regulation through RNA, with medical applications in the treatment of diseases -- from cancers and immune responses to infections and aging -- covered in detail. At least 45 of the 55 articles are new content previously not published in the Encyclopedia.

Table of Contents
Preface IX

Volume 1

Part I Molecular Cell Biology 1

1 RNA Regulation in Apoptosis 3
Christopher von Roretz and Imed-Eddine Gallouzi

2 Bacterial trans-Translation: From Functions to Applications 47
Emmanuel Giudice and Reynald Gillet

3 RNA-mediated Control of Bacterial Gene Expression: Role of Regulatory non-Coding RNAs 81
Pierre Mandin, Alejandro Toledo-Arana, Aymeric Fouquier d'H erouel and Francis Repoila

4 Functions and Applications of RNA-Guided CRISPR-Cas Immune Systems 117
Rodolphe Barrangou and Philippe Horvath

5 RNA Regulation in Myogenesis 141
Andrie Koutsoulidou, Nikolaos P. Mastroyiannopoulos and Leonidas A. Phylactou

6 Regulation of Animal Gene Expression by Ingested Plant Small RNAs 169
Xi Chen, Lin Zhang and Chen-Yu Zhang

7 RNA Interference in Animals 185
Mikiko C. Siomi

8 To Translate or Degrade: Cytoplasmic mRNA Decision Mechanisms 211
Daniel Beisang and Paul R. Bohjanen

9 RNA Modification 237
Yuri Motorin and Bruno Charpentier

10 Regulation of Gene Expression 285
Anil Kumar, Sarika Garg and Neha Garg

11 RNA Silencing in Plants 345
Charles W. Melnyk and C. Jake Harris

12 mRNA Stability 391
Ashley T. Neff, Carol J. Wilusz and Jeffrey Wilusz

13 Visualization of RNA and RNA Interactions in Cells 417
Natalia E. Broude

14 RNA as a Regulator of Chromatin Structure 437
Yota Murakami

15 Intracellular RNA Localization and Localized Translation 471
Florence Besse

16 tRNA Subcellular Dynamics 513
Tohru Yoshihisa

Volume 2

Part II Methods for Analysis and Manipulation of RNA-mediated Regulation 545

17 RNA Methodologies 547
Robert E. Farrell, Jr.

18 Bacterial Vectors for RNAi Delivery to Cancer Cells 585
Hermann Lage

19 RNAi Screening and Assays 605
Marie Lundb k and Pa ª l S trom

Part III Medical Applications 631

20 Translation Regulation by microRNAs in Acute Leukemia 633
Christos K. Kontos, Diamantina Vasilatou, Sotirios G. Papageorgiou and Andreas Scorilas

21 Cancer Stem Cells 663
Mei Zhang and Jeffrey M. Rosen

22 RNAi Synthetic Logic Circuits for Sensing, Information Processing, and Actuation 687
Zhen Xie, Liliana Wroblewska and Ron Weiss

23 Emerging Clinical Applications and Pharmacology of RNA 711
Sailen Barik and Vira Bitko

24 RNAi to Treat Chronic Hepatitis C Infection 751
Usman Ali Ashfaq, Saba Khaliq and Shah Jahan

25 RNAi Gene Therapy to Combat HIV-1 Infection 781
Pierre Corbeau

26 Virus-Encoded microRNAs 807
Lee Tuddenham and S ebastien Pfeffer

Index 849