Part One Current Science, Skin Permeation, and Enhancement Approaches

1. Skin Structure, Function, and Permeation 3
Heather A.E. Benson

2. Passive Skin Permeation Enhancement 23
Majella E. Lane, Paulo Santos, Adam C. Watkinson, and Jonathan Hadgraft

3. Electrical and Physical Methods of Skin Penetration Enhancement 43
Jeffrey E. Grice, Tarl W. Prow, Mark A.F. Kendall, and Michael S. Roberts

4. Clinical Applications of Transdermal Iontophoresis 67
Dhaval R. Kalaria, Sachin Dubey, and Yogeshvar N. Kalia

5. In Vitro Skin Permeation Methodology 85
Barrie Finnin, Kenneth A. Walters, and Thomas J. Franz

6. Skin Permeation Assessment: Tape Stripping 109
Sandra Wiedersberg and Sara Nicoli

7. Skin Permeation Assessment: Microdialysis 131
Rikke Holmgaard, Jesper B. Nielsen, and Eva Benfeldt

8. Skin Permeation: Spectroscopic Methods 155
Jonathan Hadgraft and Majella E. Lane

9. Skin Permeation Assessment in Man: In Vitro In Vivo Correlation 167
Paul A. Lehman, Sam G. Raney, and Thomas J. Franz

10. Risk Assessment 183
Jon R. Heylings

Part Two Topical and Transdermal Product Development

11. An Overview of Product Development from Concept to Approval 203
Adam C. Watkinson

12. Regulatory Aspects of Drug Development for Dermal Products 217
William K. Sietsema

13. Toxicological and Pre-clinical Considerations for Novel Excipients and New Chemical Entities 233
Andrew Makin and Jens Thing Mortensen

14. Topical Product Formulation Development 255
Marc B. Brown, Robert Turner, and Sian T. Lim

15. Transdermal Product Formulation Development 287
Kenneth J. Miller

16. Sensitivity and Irritation Testing 309
Belum Viswanath Reddy, Geetanjali Sethi, and Howard I. Maibach

17. New Product Development for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Understanding the Market Opportunity 345
Hugh Alsop

18. Transdermal and Topical Drug Delivery Today 357
Adam C. Watkinson

19. Current and Future Trends: Skin Diseases and Treatment 367
Simon G. Danby, Gordon W. Duff, and Michael J. Cork

Index 409