The multi-factorial nature of cardiovascular disease has important implications for the planning of effective treatment strategies. Lifestyle factors such as diet, smoking history and exercise combine with endogenous predictors such as ethnicity and family history to give every individual a unique risk profile. To achieve a better outcome for the patient, we first need to understand how these factors work, singly and in combination, to cause or accelerate progression of disease. With this knowledge, we can then develop more effective strategies for management that incorporate changes in lifestyle as well as pharmacological combination therapy for hypertension, dyslipidaemia, etc. In this volume, the authors demonstrate how an ability to measure and quantify risk enables us to isolate key predictors of morbidity and informs the formulation of appropriate treatment strategies.

Table of contents
Foreword, R D'Agostino; 0. Introduction, I Graham; 1. Cardiovascular epidemiology: background and principles of cardiovascular disease prevention, T Leong, C McGorrian, I Graham; 2. From epidemiological risk to clinical practice by way of statistics, R Conroy; 3. Endpoints, mortality and morbidity, I Graham, T Leong, C McGorrian; 4. Genetics, family history and risk prediction in the young, O Faergeman; 5. Risk prediction in the old, CW Fan, RA Kenny; 6. Weight, exercise, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes and risk, G Hu, T Lakka, H-M Lakka, J Tuomilehto; 7. Lipids subfractions and risk, A Schneiderman; 8. New risk markers, V Ramachandran; 9. Risk in those with established disease, L Wilhelmsen, H Wedel; 10. Socioeconomic aspects or risk prediction, G de Baquer; 11. Lessons from: SCORE and Framingham, I Graham, R D'Agostino; 12. Lessons from: MONICA & MONICA, A Evans; 13. Electronic and interactive risk prediction & linking it with management guidelines and recommendations, T Thomsen; 14. Management of specific risk factors - smoking, exercise & obesity, G Burrell; 15. Management of specific risk factors - lipids, O Faegerman; 16. Management of specific risk factors - hypertension, R Siscova; The future, I Graham, R D'Agostino; Abbreviations; Index.