Contents The why and the how of neurophysiological monitoring in ICU and surgery Neurophysiological instrumentation, connection with patients and recording methods Introduction to methods for continuous EEG and evoked potential monitoring Normal and pathological phenomena in EEG, evoked potential, EMG and nerve conduction studies Neurophysiological monitoring during sedation and anaesthesia Neurophysiological work in the intensive care unit Neurophysiological monitoring during surgical operations Further signal analysis Legal implications of neurophysiological monitoring