Table of contents Introduction Supraorbital approach: Laterial variation of the supraorbital craniotomy. - Medial modification of the supraorbital craniotomy. - Basal variation of the supraorbital approach: the supraorbito-orbital craniotomy Subtemporal approach: Posterior variation of the subtemporal craniotomy. - The combined posterior subtemporal-presigmoidal approach. - Extradural modification of the subtemporal craniotomy exposing the internal auditory canal. - Extended trans-petrous-apex modification exposing the posterior fossa Retrosigmoidal approach Suboccipital approach: Caudal variation of the median suboccipital approach Pineal approach Interhemispheric approach: The anterior (frontal) subcallosal variation of the interhemispheric approach. - The posterior (occipital) subcallosal modification of the interhemispheric approach Transcortical approach exposing the lateral and third ventricles