Originally edited by Gregory Grieve, a founder of modern manual therapy, the fifth edition of Grieve's Modern Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy continues to offer contemporary evidence, models of diagnosis and practice that make this one of the most highly respected reference books for physiotherapists.

This edition has been fully updated to provide an overview of the latest science in a rapidly evolving field. It includes detailed directions for research-informed patient care for a range of musculoskeletal disorders, as well as up-to-date information on the global burden, research methodologies, measurements, and principles of assessment and management.

A new international editorial board, with experience in both research and clinical practice, bring a truly comprehensive perspective to this book, meaning those practising musculoskeletal physiotherapy today will find it highly clinically relevant to their work.

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Table of Contents
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Foreword
Contributors
Part I: Introduction
1.1. Introduction to the Text
References
Part II: Global Burden of Musculoskeletal Disorders
2.1. Historic Management Perspectives
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
A NEW BEGINNING
THE FUTURE
PATIENT-CENTERED APPROACH
HOW MUSCULOSKELETAL TREATMENT IS CHANGING
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
2.2. Epidemiologic Measures of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STUDY EPIDEMIOLOGY?
WHAT IS ORIGIN AND PURPOSE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY?
WHERE DOES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA COME FROM?
BASIC RESEARCH DESIGNS CONTRIBUTING TO EPIDEMIOLOGIC ESTIMATES
HOW DO MUSCULOSKELETAL CLINICIANS ADOPT EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE?
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
2.3. An Overview of Contributors to Pain and Disability
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
DISABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS A WORLDWIDE BURDEN
REHABILITATION MANAGEMENT OF PAIN AND DISABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH MSD AND CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES
DIAGNOSTIC FRAMEWORKS TO IDENTIFY CONTRIBUTORS TO PAIN AND DISABILITY
THINKING BEYOND THE INITIAL DIAGNOSTIC LABEL
THE PAIN AND DISABILITY DRIVERS MANAGEMENT MODEL
COMPREHENSIVE DIAGNOSIS GUIDED BY THE PAIN AND DISABILITY DRIVERS MANAGEMENT MODEL
LIMITATIONS OF THE PAIN AND DISABILITY DRIVERS MANAGEMENT MODEL
CLINICAL INTEGRATION OF THE PDDM INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
2.4. Biological Contributors to Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND DISABILITY
PERIPHERAL NEUROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
CENTRAL NEUROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CONTRIBUTORS TO MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND DISABILITY
CONCLUSION
References
2.5. Psychological Contributors to Musculoskeletal Pain
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTORS TO MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
PROTECTIVE POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTORS
VULNERABILITY PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTORS: PAIN-RELATED FEAR AND PAIN CATASTROPHIZING
THE EVALUATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTORS
CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
2.6. Social Contributors to Pain and Disability
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHAT ARE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH?
EVOLVING UNDERSTANDING OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
PHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS' EFFECTS ON HEALTH
EXTENDING THE INVESTIGATION OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH TO POPULATIONS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
TAKING ACTION ON SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
2.7. Musculoskeletal Models of Care
Chapter Outline
MUSCULOSKELETAL MODELS OF CARE THE CRITICAL ROLE FOR OPTIMIZING MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE
THE CURRENT GLOBAL LANDSCAPE FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE: LEVERS FOR HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM
MoCs AS ENABLERS TO CONTEMPORARY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Part III: Research Design and Navigating the Endless Wave of Information
3.1. What Is Information, and Where Are People Getting It From?
Chapter Outline
THE STOCK IN TRADE OF SCIENCE JOURNALISTS: PREPRINTS
THE WOLF IN SHEEP'S CLOTHING: PREDATORY JOURNALS AND PUBLISHERS
QUALITY EVIDENCE SYNTHESES: TIMESAVERS AND HOW TO SPOT THEM
REFERENCES
3.2. Information Credibility: Navigating the Endless Wave of Information
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS
EVALUATING RESEARCH QUALITY
SOCIAL MEDIA: CHANGING HOW CLINICIANS ACQUIRE INFORMATION
REFERENCES
3.3. Levels of Evidence
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
LEVELS OF EVIDENCE
THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF RESEARCH DESIGNS
ALTERNATIVE EVIDENCE PYRAMID DESIGNS
IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Section 3.4: Research Designs
3.4.1. Quantitative Research
Chapter Outline
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
TYPES OF RESEARCH QUESTIONS
BIAS, INTERNAL, AND EXTERNAL VALIDITY
SPECIFIC TYPES OF QUESTIONS
COMMON ESTIMATORS
INTERPRETATION OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
3.4.2. Introduction To Qualitative Design
Chapter Outline
Introduction
What is qualitative research?
Research philosophy
Methodology
Conclusion
References
3.4.3. Mixed Methods Research
Chapter Outline
WHAT IS MIXED METHODS RESEARCH?
WHY USE MIXED METHODS RESEARCH?
COMMON APPROACHES TO MIXED METHODS RESEARCH
MIXED METHODS CONSIDERATIONS
MIXED METHODS SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
CONCEPTS SIMILAR TO MIXED METHODS RESEARCH
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
3.4.4. Living Evidence: Is the Randomised Controlled Trial the Missing Link?
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS IN THE ROLE OF THE RCT IN THE ENDLESS WAVE OF EVIDENCE?
WHAT ARE ITS STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES?
IS THE TRADITIONAL RCT DESIGN AT RISK OR STAYING ALIVE?
RCT THE FOUNDATION OF A LIVING EVIDENCE-BASED PATHWAY
REFERENCES
3.4.5. N-of-1 Research Designs
Chapter outline
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
BRIEF OVERVIEW OF SINGLE-CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS
STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF SCEDs
FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN DESIGNING OR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF A SCED
IMPORTANCE OF SCEDs IN PHYSIOTHERAPY CLINICAL PRACTICE AND CLINICAL RESEARCH
SUMMARY AND KEY POINTS FOR CLINICIANS
REFERENCES
FURTHER READINGS
3.4.6. Standardized Data Collection, Audit, and Clinical Profiling
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
QUALITY ASSURANCE OF PRACTICE POSSIBLE IMPACTS
CHALLENGES OF SDC
ADVANTAGES OF RECONCILING DATA FROM SDC AND PROM/PREMS
REFERENCES
3.4.7. Systematic Reviews: Informing Evidence-Based Practice
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW?
METHODS TO PERFORMING A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
TYPES OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
META-ANALYSES
APPRAISAL OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND META-ANALYSES
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW GROWTH
INTEGRATION INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE
FINAL THOUGHTS
REFERENCES
3.4.8. Why Are Population-Based Cohorts Important in Progressing Our Understanding of Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions?
Chapter outline
INTRODUCTION
POPULATION-BASED COHORTS AND THEIR ROLE IN DISENTANGLING THE COMPLEXITY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
METHODOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING OF POPULATION-BASED COHORTS
A CASE STUDY USING THE RAINE STUDY TO EXPLORE THE EMERGENCE AND PROGRESSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
3.4.9. Implementation Research
Chapter Outline
CHAPTER OVERVIEW AND IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE DEFINED
IMPORTANCE OF IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCORPORATING IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE INTO MUSCULOSKELETAL PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
CONCLUDING CALL TO ACTION
REFERENCES
3.4.10. Consensus Research
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS CONSENSUS RESEARCH?
TYPES OF CONSENSUS-BASED RESEARCH
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
3.4.11. Responder Analyses in Musculoskeletal Research
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
WHY SHOULD WE TARGET RESPONDER ANALYSIS FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL RESEARCH?
WHAT ARE RESPONDER ANALYSES?
WHAT IS A CLINICALLY MEANINGFUL CHANGE ?
EXAMPLES OF RESPONDER ANALYSES IN MSD RESEARCH
Conclusion
REFERENCES
Part IV: Measurements in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy
4.1. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy
Chapter Outline
MEASUREMENT PROPERTIES OF PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES
REFERENCES
4.2. Patient-Reported Experience Measures
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
Defining Patient Experience
PATIENT-REPORTED EXPERIENCE MEASURES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
4.3. Physical Performance Measures
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
UPPER EXTREMITY RETURN TO SPORT TESTING
LOWER EXTREMTITY RETURN TO SPORT TESTING
REFERENCES
4.4. Assessing Cost Analyses and Value-Based Care in Rehabilitation
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION AND BOUNDARIES OF REVIEW
VALUE REQUIRES JUDGMENT
Economic Principles
ASSESSING COSTS
Assessing Health Outcomes and Types of Economic Evaluations
SUMMARY MEASURES AND GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Section 4.5: Advances in Measurement
4.5.1. Quantitative Sensory Testing and Clinical Sensory Testing
Chapter Outline
QUANTITATIVE AND CLINICAL SENSORY TESTING IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN CONDITIONS
LABORATORY QST PARAMETERS, PROTOCOLS, AND INTERPRETATION
CHALLENGES OF APPLYING LABORATORY QST IN CLINICAL SETTINGS
QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN CONDITIONS
FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR QST RESEARCH AND CLINICAL APPLICATION IN MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS
REFERENCES
4.5.2. Pain in the Brain: The Role and Future of Functional Neuroimaging
Chapter Outline
WHY THE BRAIN? AN INTRODUCTION TO THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL BRAIN IMAGING IN PAIN
FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN A PAIN RESEARCH STUDY
REPRESENTATION OF PAIN IN THE BRAIN
NOCICEPTIVE PATHWAYS TO AND FROM THE BRAIN
ARE WE THERE YET? ONGOING DEBATE AROUND PAIN'S REPRESENTATION IN THE BRAIN
WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD?
REFERENCES
4.5.3. Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures
Chapter outline
INTRODUCTION
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
MUSCLE COMPOSITION
BRAIN
SPINAL CORD
MEASUREMENT
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
4.5.4. Ultrasound in Musculoskeletal Practice
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
ULTRASOUND PHYSICS
SCOPE OF PRACTICE
STRENGTHS, LIMITATIONS, AND INDICATIONS OF ULTRASOUND
MISMATCH BETWEEN PATHOLOGY AND PAIN
DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND
INTERVENTIONAL ULTRASOUND
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
4.5.5. Surface Electromyography
Chapter outline
INTRODUCTION
APPLICATIONS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PHYSIOTHERAPY
RECENT ADVANCES IN ELECTROMYOGRAPHY APPLIED IN MUSCULOSKELETAL RESEARCH
REFERENCES
4.5.6. Movement Analysis and Musculoskeletal Modeling
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
MARKERLESS MOTION ANALYSIS SYSTEMS
MUSCULOSKELETAL MODELING
REFERENCES
4.5.7. Electroencephalography
Chapter outline
INTRODUCTION
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
4.5.8. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
SINGLE PULSE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION
NEUROMODULATION: A NEW TREATMENT STRATEGY IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
REFERENCES
Part V: Principles of Assessment and Management
5.1. Communication
Chapter Outline
WHAT IS EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION?
IMPROVING COMMUNICATION IN MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE
THE MECHANICS OF GOOD COMMUNICATION
ARE WE REALLY TAKING A BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH?
SHARED DECISION MAKING
EDUCATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
5.2. Red Flags
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
COMMUNICATION
REFERENCES
Section 5.3: Lifestyle and Health
5.3.1. Lifestyle and Musculoskeletal Health: Basis for a Health and Lifestyle Framework
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOR CHANGE IN HEALTHCARE PRACTICE
EFFECT OF LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS ON MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS INCLUDING PAIN
CHANGING LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS TO AUGMENT HEALING AND REDUCE SYMPTOMS INCLUDING PAIN: RATIONALE
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
5.3.2. Implementing a Health and Lifestyle Framework: Competencies for Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
CLUSTERING OF UNHEALTHY LIFESTYLE-RELATED BEHAVIORS AND RISKS
PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AS HEALTH ADVOCATES
HEALTH AND RISK ASSESSMENTS AND INTERVENTIONS
HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE INTERVENTIONS
CONCLUSION
Appendix A. Assessment of Lifestyle-Related Health Behaviors and Attributes
Appendix B. Prototype of a Lifestyle-Related Health Risk Assessment Tool: CANRISK
Appendix C. Multisystem Review
Appendix c. MULTISYSTEM REVIEW
REFERENCES
5.4. Clinical Reasoning and Models for Clinical Management
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN CLINICAL REASONING
THEORY OF CLINICAL REASONING IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PRACTICE
MAKING SENSE OF THEORY WITHIN A CASE STUDY DESIGN
TENSIONS AND CHALLENGES WITH EVIDENCE IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
5.5. Consideration of Cognitive and Behavioral Influences on Physiotherapy Practice
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
EVIDENCE FOR THE DELIVERY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS BY PHYSIOTHERAPISTS FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE PATIENT INTERVIEW
CONSIDERATIONS OF FEAR BELIEFS, PAIN CATASTROPHIZING, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS
CONSIDERATIONS FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT OF THE PATIENT WITH TRAUMATIC MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY
WHEN TO REFER
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
5.6. Educational Approaches to Pain Management
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
References
5.7. Behavior Change and Self-Management
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
HEALTH BEHAVIOR
SELF-MANAGEMENT
TIME TO CHANGE
CHOOSING A THEORY
DEVELOPING A BEHAVIOR CHANGE INTERVENTION USING THE BEHAVIOUR CHANGE WHEEL
EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS
CONTENT VS CONTEXT
THERAPEUTIC ALLIANCE
MOTIVATION
THE EVIDENCE BASE
CONCLUSION
References
5.8. Hemodynamics and Clinical Practice
Chapter outline
LOWER QUADRANT HEMODYNAMICS
UPPER QUADRANT HEMODYNAMICS
CRANIOCERVICAL HEMODYNAMICS
SUMMARY
Key points
REFERENCES
5.9. Neurodynamics
Chapter Outline
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS/DISCLOSURES
NEURODYNAMICS
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
5.10. Neuromuscular Adaptations to Exercise
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
NEUROMUSCULAR ADAPTATIONS WITH PAIN
NEUROMUSCULAR ADAPTATIONS TO EXERCISE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
5.11. The Analgesic Effects of Exercise
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
ANIMAL MODELS OF PAIN AND EXERCISE
PAIN RELIEF WITH EXERCISE TRAINING IN HUMANS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
5.12. Management of Sensorimotor Control in Musculoskeletal Disorders
Chapter Outline
WHAT IS SENSORIMOTOR CONTROL?
All Areas of the Body Provide Proprioceptive Input but the Cervical Spine Is Unique
Causes of Sensorimotor Control Disturbances
Implications of Altered Sensorimotor Control
Evidence of Sensorimotor Disturbance in Musculoskeletal Conditions
Clinical Assessment of SMC Disturbances
Patient Self-Reports and Outcome Measures
Clinical Tests
Other Considerations for Differential Diagnosis
Overall Management Approach
CONCLUSION
References
5.13. Manual Therapy
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Scope and Types of MT
Mechanisms of MT
Effects Dependent on the Intervention Independent of the Context
Effects Dependent on the Context of the Intervention
Effects Related to the Condition
Spinal Manipulation
Conclusions About MT
References
Section 5.14: Adjunct Modalities
5.14.1. Electrophysical Modalities
REFERENCES
5.14.2. Acupuncture and Its Role in Musculoskeletal Pain and Rehabilitation
Chapter outline
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE
ACUPUNCTURE IN THE TREATMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN
REFERENCES
5.15. Digital Rehabilitation Methods
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
TECHNOLOGIES
EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MSK ASSESSMENT
EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MSK TREATMENT
SATISFACTION AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
5.16. Advanced Practice in Physiotherapy
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
FROM EXTENDED SCOPE PRACTICE TO ADVANCED PRACTICE (WHAT'S IN A NAME?)
ADVANCED PRACTICE WITHIN THE GLOBAL PHYSIOTHERAPY COMMUNITY
EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF ADVANCED PRACTICE PHYSIOTHERAPISTS
NEW AND EMERGING MODELS OF ADVANCED PRACTICE
FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE ROLES
EVALUATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE PHYSIOTHERAPY
IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE PHYSIOTHERAPY
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
Part VI: Region Specific Management
6.1. Idiopathic Neck Pain
Chapter Outline
EPIDEMIOLOGY
HISTORY AND INTERVIEW
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
6.2. Whiplash-Associated Disorders
Chapter Outline
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WAD
HEALTH OUTCOMES AND PROGNOSIS
PATIENT INTERVIEW
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE WAD
MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC WAD
REFERENCES
6.3. Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain
Chapter Outline
Epidemiology
INTERVIEW/MODELS
PHYSICAL TESTING
TREATMENT EVIDENCE FOR TMD
SUMMARY OF THE EVIDENCE
REFERENCES
6.4. Thoracic Pain
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THORACIC SPINE PAIN
INTERVIEW
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORTING EVIDENCE
SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATION/SUMMARY
REFERENCES
6.5. Low Back Pain Examination and Treatment
Chapter Outline
DEFINITIONS, HISTORICAL CONTEXT, PREVALENCE, AND GLOBAL BURDEN
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF LOW BACK PAIN
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
ASSESSMENT
TREATMENT
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
REFERENCES
6.6. Clinical Reasoning in Sacroiliac Joint and Pelvic Girdle Pain: A Tunnel Vision of Physiotherapy Experts?
Chapter Outline
WHY IS IT THAT THE SACROILIAC JOINT REMAINS A HOT TOPIC IN CLINICAL REASONING OF PHYSIOTHERAPISTS?
THE CLINICAL REASONING MODEL ON SIJ DYSFUNCTION
INFORMATION TO THE PATIENTS BY CLINICAL EXPERTS
THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN CLINICAL REASONING
TO CONCLUDE
REFERENCES
6.7. The Shoulder
Chapter Outline
Introduction and Epidemiology
Patient Perspective
Evolution
Assessment
Conditions
Management
Conclusion
References
6.8. The Elbow
Chapter Outline
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL INTERVIEW
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE ELBOW
CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE ELBOW
CONTROVERSIES, UNCERTAINTIES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
References
6.9. Wrist and hand
Chapter Outline
PATIENT PERSPECTIVE/STORIES
EPIDEMIOLOGY
INTERVIEW
IMPACT ON PARTICIPATION
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORTIVE EVIDENCE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
6.10. The Hip
Chapter Outline
HIP-RELATED PAIN
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
INTERVIEW
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
MANAGEMENT (AND SUPPORTING EVIDENCE)
SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATION
REFERENCES
6.11. Knee Conditions
Chapter Outline
Acute Knee Injuries
Patellofemoral Pain
Knee Osteoarthritis
REFERENCES
6.12. Foot and Ankle
Chapter Outline
LATERAL ANKLE INJURIES AND SEQUELA
Management
ACUTE MEDIAL ANKLE INJURIES
ANTERIOR ANKLE AND DORSAL FOOT PAIN
POSTERIOR ANKLE AND PLANTAR FOOT PAIN
Achilles Tendon Rupture
MEDIAL ANKLE AND FOOT PAIN
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INDEX