Foundations of the Mind, Brain, and Behavioral Relationships: Understanding Physiological Psychology is an engaging introduction into neuroscience, and the portions of the nervous system, perception, and the clinical considerations in physiological psychology. "Clinical Applications" appear throughout the chapters and provide real-world examples of brain behavior relationships, and how the nervous system interacts with other body systems to create a specific behavior. Creating an interactive experience for learners, this volume connects the study of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology with clinically relevant topics, ranging from stress and eating disorders to substance abuse, major affective disorders, and schizophrenia. Integrating the foundations of neuroscience with disorders encountered in clinical practice serves as a foundation to better understand the clinical bases of these conditions. Coauthored by clinical neuropsychologists, this book is for those interested in learning about the underpinnings of the mind, brain, and human behaviors in normal and divergent functioning.

Part I: Neuroscience

1: Introduction
Mind-body Considerations
Dualism
Monism
Reductionism
Concepts of Consciousness
Eugenics and Related Implications


2: Genetics and Behavior
Chromosomes
Genes
DNA
The Study of Genetics
Molecular Genetics
Selective Breeding
Behavioral Genetics


3: Neural Tissue
Cells of the Nervous System
Classification of Nerve Fibers
Cell Membrane Potential
Nerve Impulses
Membrane Potential
Resting Membrane Potential
Graded Potentials
Action Potentials
Processing of Impulses
Synapses
Degeneration and Regeneration of Nerve Cells


4: Neurotransmitters and Synaptic Transmission
Types of Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Glutamate
GABA
Norepinephrine and Epinephrine
Serotonin
Endorphins
Neurotransmitter Functions
Synthesis of Neurotransmitters
Presynaptic Release of Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitter Binding to Postsynaptic Receptors


5: Characteristics of the Nervous System
Division of the Nervous System
Brain Divisions
Cerebral Cortex
Functional Cerebral Cortex
White Matter of the Cerebrum
Basal Nuclei and their Functions
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Functions of the Thalamus and Hypothalamus
Limbic System and its Functions
Brainstem
Pathways in the Nervous System
Brain Imaging
Brain Damage
Brain Plasticity and Capacity for Repair
Brain Tissue Implants


6: Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Outflow System
Sympathetic Division
Preganglionic Sympathetic Fibers
Adrenal Medulla
Postganglionic Sympathetic Fibers
Parasympathetic Division
Autonomic Plexuses
Autonomic Innervation of the Head
Visceral Afferent Pathways
Pathways to the Brainstem
Pathways to the Spinal Cord
Hierarchy of the Autonomic Nervous System
Functional Considerations


7: Sensation and Perception
Bottom-up and Top-down Processing
Sensory Receptors of the Brain
Thresholds
Absolute Threshold
Differential Threshold
Perception Without Awareness


8: The Visual System
Structure of the Eye
Functional Structure of Photoreceptors
Visual Acuity
Comparing Rod and Cone Vision
Visual Pigments
Phototransduction
Information Processing on the Retina
Light and Dark Adaptation
Color Vision
Visual Pathway to the Brain
Depth Perception
Visual Processing


9: The Auditory System
Structure of the Ear
External Ear
Middle Ear
Internal Ear
Properties of Sound
Frequency
Transmission of Sound to the Internal Ear
Sound Transduction
The Hearing Process
Auditory Pathway
Localizing Sound


10: The Other Senses
The Chemical Senses (Smell and Taste)
Olfactory Receptors
Location and Structure of the Olfactory Receptors
Specificity of Olfactory Receptors
Physiology of Smell
The Olfactory Pathway
Dissolved Chemicals in Taste Buds
Location and Structure of Taste Buds
Basic Taste Sensations
Physiology of Taste
Taste Transduction
The Gustatory Pathway
Cutaneous Sensation
Perception of Pain
Pain Tolerance
Thermoreceptors


11: Regulation of Movement
Motor Skills
Skeletal Muscles
Involvement of the Central Nervous System
Apraxia


12: Consciousness
The Brain and Consciousness
Awareness Levels
High Level Consciousness
Lower Level Consciousness
Alteration of Consciousness
Subconscious Awareness
Sleep and Sleep-Wake Cycles
Types of Sleep
Sleep Regulation
Importance of Sleep
Sleep and the Brain
Sleep Disorders
Insomnia
Somnambulism
Nightmares and Night Terrors
Dreams
Cognitive Theory of Dreaming
Freud's Psychodynamic Approach
Hypnosis


13: Cognitive Functions
Learning Classifications
The Learning Process
Memory and Intelligence
Executive Skills
Expression
Comprehension
Aphasias
Alexia
Agraphia


14: Emotions
Fear
Aggression
Inhibition and Impulse Control

Part II: Clinical Considerations of Physiological Psychology

15: Neurological Disorders
Tumors
Seizures
Traumatic Brain Injury
Cerebrovascular Accident
Neurodegenerative Disorders


16: Chronic Stress
Effects of Stress on the Body
Anxiety
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Adjustment Disorders


17: Affective Disorders
Major Depression
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Bipolar I
Bipolar II
Cyclothymia
Suicide
Homicide


18: Schizophrenic Disorders
Schizophrenia
Brief Psychosis
Delusional Disorder
Schizoaffective Disorder
Schizophreniform Disorder


19: Eating Disorders
Bulimia Nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa
Binge-Eating Disorder
Pica


20: Substance Abuse
Substance Induced Mental Disorders
Substance Intoxication and Withdrawal
Scheduled Drugs
Alcohol
Cannabis
Sedatives and Hypnotics
Opioids
Stimulant Drugs
Hallucinogens
Anabolic Steroids


21: Sexuality and Reproductive Disorders
Female Sexuality
Male Sexuality
Homosexuality
Paraphilias
Glossary
Index