Mental health and HIV/AIDS are closely interlinked. Mental disorders, including substance-use disorders, are associated with increased risk of HIV infection and affect adherence to and efficacy of antiretroviral treatments. Conversely, HIV infection can increase risk for neuropsychiatric complications including stress, mood, and neurocognitive disorders.

This book provides clinicians with a comprehensive evidenced-based and practical approach to the management of patients with HIV infection and co-morbid mental disorders. It provides up-to-date and clear overviews of current clinical issues, as well as the relevant basic science. Information and data from studies of different HIV groups (eg men who have sex with men) make the text relevant to a broad spectrum of clinicians, including those working with low socioeconomic status groups in high income countries and those working in the developing world.

The book uses the popular format of the World Psychiatric Association's Evidence and Experience series. Review chapters summarize the evidence on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical aspects of mental disorders in HIV,and interventions (both psychotherapy and psychopharmacology including drug-drug interactions). These are complemented by commentaries addressing particular facets of each topic and providing insight gained from clinical experience.

Psychiatrists, psychologists and all mental health staff working with HIV-infected patients will find this book of great benefit.

Table of Contents
List of Contributors ix

Preface xv

1 Epidemiology of Psychopathology in HIV 1
Milton L. Wainberg, Karen McKinnon, and Francine Cournos

Commentaries

1.1 Epidemiology of Psychopathology in HIV: Neurocognitive Disorders 34
Bryan Smith and Ned Sacktor

1.2 Depression and Anxiety Disorders in HIV/AIDS 40
Seggane Musisi

1.3 Substance Use Disorders and HIV: Evolving Syndemics 46
Sheri L. Towe and Christina S. Meade

1.4 Severe Mental Illness and HIV 55
Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu

2 Pathogenesis of Mental Health Disorders in HIV 61
Gursharan Chana, Chad A. Bousman, and Ian P. Everall

Commentaries

2.1 Behavioural and Social Risk Factors for HIV 82
Landon Myer

2.2 Brain Imaging and Neuro-HIV 87
Christine Fennema-Notestine

2.3 Host Genetics in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders 93
Avindra Nath and Wenxue Li

2.4 Traumatic Stressors and the Psychoneuroimmunology of HIV/AIDS 99
Dan J. Stein, John A. Joska, and Kathleen J. Sikkema

3 Clinical Aspects of HIV-Related Neurocognitive Disorders 107
Nicholas W.S. Davies and Bruce J. Brew

Commentaries

3.1 Clinical Aspects of HIV-Related Neurocognitive Disorders 131
Robert Paul and Jodi Heaps

3.2 Differential Diagnosis in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders 137
Gabriele Arendt

3.3 Psychiatric Disorders and HIV 143
Glenn Treisman

3.4 Optimizing the Effectiveness of HIV Treatment as Prevention with Stimulant Users 149
Adam W. Carrico

4 Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in HIV 157
Maria Ferrara, Ignacio P. Valero, David J. Moore, Adam F. Knight, Nichole A. Duarte, and J. Hampton Atkinson

Commentaries

4.1 Combination Anti-Retroviral Treatment and NeuroHIV 194
Charles Venuto and Giovanni Schifitto

4.2 Psychopharmacology and Psychiatric Co-morbidity 199
Mark Halman

4.3 Intervention in HIV and Psychiatry: Behavioural and Psychotherapeutic Approaches 205
Reuben N. Robbins and Robert H. Remien

5 Special Populations and Public Health Aspects 211
Francine Cournos, Karen McKinnon, Veronica Pinho, and Milton Wainberg

Commentaries

5.1 Mental Health Services for HIV in Resource-Limited Settings 235
Crick Lund

5.2 Specifying the Mental Health Context for the Development of HIV Prevention and Treatment Interventions for Men Who Have Sex with Men 240
Jessica F. Magidson and Conall O'Cleirigh

5.3 Following the Special Populations Home: Children and Families 245
Lucie Cluver, Mark Boyes, Mark Orkin, Lorraine Sherr, and Malega Kganakga

5.4 Gender Issues and the Burden of Disease in Women 256
Catherine Mathews and Naeemah Abrahams

Index 263