Master the effective evaluation, analysis and management of placental-fetal growth restriction (PFGR), developing strategies to reduce the risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in patients worldwide. Extensively researched by international experts, this manual provides practitioners with a detailed, hands-on approach to the practical ""pearls"" for direct patient management. This authoritative volume advises on matters such as the correct evaluation and management of high-risk patients in danger of PFGR through to delivery. Extensive and wide-ranging, this book is an invaluable companion to the developing research interest and clinical applications in PFGR, including developmental outcomes in early childhood. Featuring a critical evaluation of a variety of abnormal conditions, such as fetal hypoxia and extreme prematurity, which are clearly displayed through extensive illustrations. This essential toolkit ensures that practitioners at all levels can effectively limit adverse outcome and reach the correct diagnosis.

- Reflects the current research interest and clinical applications in placental-fetal growth restriction (PFGR), worldwide
- Covers the effect of PFGR in the fetus and through to birth and to early childhood
- Authored by an international team of authors with extensive expertise on the topic
- Includes copious illustrations to aid understanding

CONTENTS:
Part I. Basic Principles:
1. What is optimal fetal growth?
2. Definition of fetal growth restriction and uteroplacental insufficiency
3. Differential diagnosis of fetal growth restriction
4. Fetal growth restriction and hypertensive diseases of pregnancy
5. ART and fetal growth
6. Fetal growth restriction - study design and outcomes
7. Analysis of national and international guidelines on placental-fetal growth restriction
Part II. Maternal Cardiovascular Characteristics and the Placenta:
8. Maternal cardiovascular function and fetal growth restriction
9. Placental histopathology findings in fetal growth restriction
10. Maternal volume homeostasis in fetal growth restriction
Part III. Screening for PFGR:
11. First trimester combined screening algorithms for fetal growth restriction
12. Second trimester and late pregnancy screening for fetal growth restriction
Part IV. Prophylaxis and Treatment:
13. Prophylaxis for fetal growth restriction: aspirin and low molecular weight heparins
14. Prophylaxis for fetal growth restriction: nitric oxide donors and sildenafil
15. Prevention and Treatment of Fetal Growth Restriction by influencing maternal hemodynamics and blood volume
16. Gene therapy in fetal growth restriction
Part V. Characteristics of Fetal Growth Restriction:
17. Blood flow volume in umbilical vein in fetal growth restriction
18. Fetal cardiac function in fetal growth restriction
19. Heart rate changes and autonomic nervous system in fetal growth restriction
20. The fetal arterial and venous circulation in IUGR
21 Hematological and biochemical findings in fetal growth restriction and the relationship to hypoxia
Part VI. Management of Fetal Growth Restriction:
22. Management of early-onset fetal growth restriction (less than 34 weeks)
23. Late-onset intrauterine growth restriction
24. Severe IUGR: pregnancy management at the limits of viability
25. Fetal growth restriction in twin pregnancies
Part VII. Postnatal Aspects of Fetal Growth Restriction:
26. Fetal growth restriction and neonatal outcomes
27. Fetal growth restriction and later disease in the mother and the offspring
28. Fetal growth restriction: recurrence risks and counseling