This new resource provides a concise review of common as well as infrequently encountered diseases, syndromes, and disturbances of homeostasis in adult ICU patients. With more than 230 chapters and contributions from over 75 internationally recognized experts, readers will have step-by-step diagnostic and management strategies for each disorder at their fingertips. An outline format, standardized headings, boxes highlighting key points, tables, and illustrations make reference quick and easy.

Features

Features an organ-system, problem-based approach with short, concise chapters.
Provides succinct information on etiologies, differential diagnosis, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, diagnostic methods, and specific treatment guidelines.
Includes detailed sections on surgery, trauma, and post-operative care; imaging testing and monitoring; and respiratory care and mechanical ventilation.
Offers an extensive section on pharmacology, detailing relevant drug dosing, key actions, indications, contraindications, interactions, standard doses, and side effects, for a wide variety of agents used in the ICU.
Presents illustrated, step-by-step descriptions of 25 diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, including their indications, technical aspects, and basic interpretation of findings.
Discusses the hottest topics in ICU medicine, including sepsis; acute respiratory distress syndrome; unstable angina; aortic dissection; diabetes insipidus; sedative-hypnotic and narcotic overdoses; acute abdominal pain; post-cardiopulmonary bypass management; and more.

Contents

Frequently Encountered Problems in the ICU

Fever
Hypotension
Oliguria
Coma
Tachypnea and Hypoxemia

Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory Failure
Pulmonary Edema
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Barotrauma
Pulmonary Embolism
Status Asthmaticus
Pneumonia in Adults
Aspiration Pneumonitis and Pneumonia
COPD Exacerbation
Cor Pulmonale
Smoke Inhalation
Massive Hemotysis
Atelectasis

Cardiac Disorders

Unstable Angina
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Right Ventricular Myocardial Infarction
Mechanical Complications of Acute
Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial Contusion
Left Ventricular Failure
Hypertensive Crisis
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension
Cardiogenic Shock
Valvular Heart Disease
Pericarditis
Pericardial Tamponade
Aortic Dissection
Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
Supraventricular Tachycardia
Pulseless Electrical Activity
Ventricular Fibrillation and Tachycardia
Conduction Disturbances

Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disturbances

Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hypophosphatemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Acid-Base Disturbances
Lactic Acidosis
Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

Endocrine Emergencies

Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma
Hypoglycemia
Diabetes Insipidus
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antiduresis
Thyroid Storm
Myxedema Coma
Pheochromocytoma
Adrenal Insufficiency

Toxicologic Emergencies

Approach to Poisoning and Drug Overdose
Acetaminophen Overdose
Salicylate Intoxication
Sedative-Hypnotic and Narcotic Drug Overdose
Theophylline Overdose
Lithium Overdose
Cocaine Intoxication
Calcium Channel and b-Blocker Drug Overdoses
Digoxin Overdose
Methanol and Related Toxic Alcohols
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Cyanide Poisoning
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Methemoglobinemia
Neuroleptic Drug Overdose
Cyclic Antidepressant Drug Overdose
Anticholinergic Poisonings
Serotonin Syndrome
Organophosphate Poisoning
Venom Injuries: Snake and Arthropod

Neurologic Crises

Status Epilepticus
Cerebral Infarction
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Subdural Hematoma
Intracranial Hypertension
Spinal Cord Compression
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Malignant Hyperthermia
Myasthenia Gravis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Botulism
Tetanus

Infectious Diseases

Sepsis and SIRS
Septic Shock
Gram-Positive Infections
Gram-Negative Infections
Candida Infections
Non-Candidal Fungal Infections
Herpes Infections
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia
Infections in Neutropenic Cancer Patients
Infections in Bone Marrow Transplant Patients
Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Patients
Tuberculosis
Endocarditis
Urosepsis
Oropharyngeal Space Infections
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Nosocomial Sinusitis
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Acute Epiglottitis (Supraglottitis)
Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infection

Hematologic Problems

Coagulopathy
Thrombocytopenia
Hypercoagulable States
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Anemia
Acute Hemolytic Disorders
Transfusion Reactions
Sickle Cell Crises
Graft Versus Host Disease

Intra-Abdominal Disorders

Acute Abdominal Pain
Pancreatitis
Cholecystitis
Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis
Viral Hepatitis
Fulminant Hepatic Failure
Upper Gastroenteral Hemorrhage
Lower Gastroenteral Hemorrhage
Diarrhea
Toxic Megacolon

Renal Disorders

Acute Renal Failure
Chronic Renal Failure

Surgical, Traumatic, Post-Operative Conditions

Preoperative Assessment
Chest Trauma
Abdominal Trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury
Post-Craniotomy Management
Post-Cardiopulmonary Bypass Management
Post-Peripheral Vascular Bypass Management
Acute Peripheral Arterial Occlusion
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Thermal Burn Injury
Electrical and Lightning Injuries
Kidney Transplantation

Miscellaneous Disorders

Hypothermia
Heat Stroke
Anaphylaxis
Near Drowning
Fat Embolism Syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Obstetric Crises
Pressure Ulcers
Air Embolism

Pharmacology

Intravenous Fluids
Amrinone and Milrinone
Vasoactive Catecholamines
Antihypertensives
Fenoldopam
Nitroglycerine
Nitroprusside
Calcium Channel Blocking Agents
b-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists
Diuretics (Including Mannitol)
Acid-Inhibiting Agents and Sucralfate
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Narcotic Agonists and Flumazenil
Benzodiazepines
Propofol
Anticonvulsants
Anticoagulants
Thrombolytic Agents
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists
Digoxin
Antidysrhythmic Agents
Dantrolene
Brochodilators
Filgrastim
Complications of Chemotherapeutic Agents
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Aminoglycosides
Fluoroquinolones
Macrolides
Antituberculosis Drugs
Miscellaneous Antibiotics
Antiviral Agents (Non-HIV)
Antifungal Agents

Procedures

Endotracheal Intubation
Central Venous Catherization
Arterial Catheterization
Pulmonary Artery Catheterization
Temporary Transvenous Pacemaker
Transcutaneous Pacing
Cardioversion and Defibrillation
Pericardiocentesis
Intra-Aortic Balloon Countrepulsation
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy
Lumbar Puncture
Paracentesis
Thoracentesis
Chest Tube Thoracostomy
Hemodialysis
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies
Plasmapheresis
Intrahospital Transport
Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
Brain Death Determination
Fluid Challenge
Sengstaken-Blakemore Tube Placement
Nasoenteric Feeding Tube Insertion
Enteral Feeding
Parenteral Nutrition

Monitoring

Nutritional Assessment
Hemodynamic Monitoring
Fast Flush Test
Monitoring Oxygen Transport
Capnography
Blood Gas Monitoring
Gastric Tonometry
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring
Sedation Monitoring (Including Sedation Scales)

Respiratory Care and Mechanical Ventilation

Oxygen Therapy
Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation
Conventional Management of Mechanical Ventilation
Newer Modes of Mechanical Ventilation
PEEP and Auto-PEEP
Weaning

Appendices

Abbreviations and Symbols
Normal Laboratory Values